The Right to Read: Ontario's Critical Call for Evidence-Based Reading Instruction

Call for Evidence-Based Reading Instruction

8/22/20252 min read

The Right to Read: Ontario's Critical Call for Evidence-Based Reading Instruction

Source: Ontario Human Rights Commission. (2022). Right to Read: Public inquiry into human rights issues affecting students with reading disabilities - Executive Summary. Ontario Human Rights Commission.

What is the Right to Read Inquiry?

In 2019, the Ontario Human Rights Commission (OHRC) launched a groundbreaking public inquiry into reading disabilities and dyslexia support in Ontario's education system. This first-of-its-kind investigation in Canada examined how well Ontario schools are meeting students' fundamental right to read.

Key Findings: Ontario is Failing Students

Alarming Statistics

  • 26% of Grade 3 students failed to meet provincial reading standards in 2018-2019

  • 53% of Grade 3 students with special education needs were not meeting reading standards

  • Only 8.5% of students with IEPs achieved reading standards without assistive technology

  • 44% of Grade 3 students and 42% of Grade 6 students reported they don't like to read

The Science of Reading vs. Current Practice

What Research Shows Works:

  • Structured literacy with explicit, systematic phonics instruction

  • Phonemic awareness training from Kindergarten

  • Evidence-based interventions starting in early grades

  • Universal screening twice yearly from Kindergarten to Grade 2

What Ontario Currently Uses:

  • Three-cueing system (guessing words from context)

  • Balanced literacy approaches

  • Whole language philosophy

  • Delayed intervention until Grade 3 or later

Critical Issues Identified

1. Ineffective Curriculum and Instruction

  • Ontario's Language curriculum emphasizes cueing systems over phonics instruction

  • Teachers receive inadequate training in science-based reading methods

  • Evidence-based reading programs are rarely implemented consistently

2. Inadequate Early Screening

  • No universal screening for reading difficulties

  • Students' reading disabilities often go undetected until Grade 3 or later

  • Critical early intervention window missed for most struggling readers

3. Limited Access to Interventions

  • Reading interventions typically unavailable until Grade 4 or later

  • Most programs lack systematic phonics instruction

  • Demand far exceeds available intervention spots

4. Accommodation Challenges

  • Assistive technology often substituted for proper reading instruction

  • Inconsistent implementation of reading accommodations

  • Students require advocacy to access supports

5. Professional Assessment Barriers

  • Long wait times for psychoeducational assessments

  • Dyslexia diagnosis criteria outdated and inconsistent

  • Private assessments create two-tiered system

Impact on Vulnerable Student Populations

The report highlights disproportionate effects on:

  • Indigenous students (First Nations, Métis, Inuit)

  • Racialized students and newcomers

  • Multilingual learners

  • Students from low-income families

  • Students with multiple disabilities

Life-Long Consequences of Reading Failure

Students who don't learn to read face:

  • Academic underachievement and higher dropout rates

  • Mental health challenges including anxiety and depression

  • Limited post-secondary opportunities

  • Employment difficulties and lower lifetime earnings

  • Higher rates of involvement with justice system

The Path Forward: 157 Recommendations

Immediate Priorities:

  1. Revise curriculum to mandate explicit phonics instruction

  2. Implement universal early screening programs

  3. Provide evidence-based teacher training

  4. Ensure access to structured literacy interventions

  5. Improve accommodation processes

  6. Update learning disability identification criteria

Systemic Changes Needed:

  • Standardized provincial approaches to reading instruction

  • Consistent data collection on student reading progress

  • Stable funding for evidence-based programs

  • Professional development aligned with reading science

  • Family communication and transparency improvements

Why This Matters for Leeds and Grenville Families

This report validates what many parents and educators already know: traditional teaching methods are failing too many children. The inquiry's findings support the need for:

  • Specialized reading programs like those offered at literacy centers

  • Early identification and intervention services

  • Evidence-based instruction in phonemic awareness and phonics

  • Family advocacy for appropriate educational supports

Key Takeaways for Parents

Reading difficulties are preventable with proper instruction ✅ Early intervention (ages 4-7) is most effective ✅ Systematic phonics instruction works for all learners ✅ Professional support shouldn't require lengthy wait times ✅ Dyslexia is a recognized learning difference requiring specific approaches

This summary is based on the Ontario Human Rights Commission's "Right to Read" Executive Summary, published in February 2022. The full report contains 157 detailed recommendations for transforming Ontario's approach to reading instruction and supporting students with reading disabilities.

For families seeking evidence-based reading support in Leeds and Grenville, contact Curran Reading Corner to learn about our structured literacy programs aligned with the science of reading.